Izindaba

Njengengxenye evamile yokuxhumana yabo bonke onjiniyela, amabhulokhi agcina esetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi ukuze ahlinzeke ngezintambo ezivikelekile ezihlala unomphela ezinhlotsheni zezinhlelo zokusebenza.Ibhulokhi yetheminali, eyaziwa nangokuthi ibhulokhi yetheminali, isixhumi setheminali, noma itheminali enentambo, iqukethe izindlu eziyimojuli kanye nesivikelo esixhuma izintambo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ndawonye.Ngenxa yokuthi uxhumano luhlala kancane, ibhulokhi yetheminali isiza ukwenza lula ukuhlolwa kwenkambu kanye nenqubo yokulungisa.Nakuba kuyingxenye elula, kodwa ngaphambi kokukhethwa kwe-terminal block kanye nokucaciswa kwayo kunokuqonda okuyisisekelo noma okuhle.

Le ngxoxo izohlanganisa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamabhulokhi wetheminali, ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kukagesi nemishini, futhi inikeze eminye imininingwane yokusiza onjiniyela ngokukhetha.

Ukucushwa okujwayelekile

Uhlobo lokukhweza lwe-PCB, uhlobo locingo kanye nohlobo oluqondile yizinhlobo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu zamabhulokhi wetheminali ekwakhiweni.Ithebula elilandelayo libala izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene kanye nesizathu sazo, ukufakwa, kanye nokucushwa.

Imininingwane Ebalulekile Ekagesi

Kunenombolo yokucaciswa kukagesi okubalulekile okufanele kucatshangelwe phakathi nesigaba sokuklama, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zamabhulokhi wetheminali evamile.Faka ngokukhethekile:

Ikalwe okwamanje.Ngokuvamile, ukucaciswa okudinga ukunakwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwebhokisi lokuhlangana ukulinganisa kwamanje.Lokhu kusekelwe ezicini ezintathu: i-conductivity kagesi yamatheminali, indawo ye-cross-sectional kanye nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okuhambisanayo.Uma ukhetha amabhulokhi wetheminali, kunconywa ukuthi okwamanje okukaliwe okungenani kube ngu-150% wenani eliphezulu elilindelekile lamanje lesistimu.Uma i-current elinganiselwe yebhulokhi yetheminali ingalungile futhi i-curse yokusebenza iphezulu kakhulu, i-terminal block ingase ishise futhi yonakaliswe, okubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphepha.
I-voltage elinganiselwe: Ingxenye kagesi elinganiselwe yebhulokhi yetheminali ithintwa isikhala namandla e-dielectric yendlu yayo.Ngendlela efanayo lapho i-current rated ikhethiwe, i-voltage elinganiselwe ye-block terminal kufanele ibe mkhulu kune-voltage enkulu yesistimu, kucatshangelwa noma yikuphi ukuphakama kwamandla okungalimaza uxhumano.
Inombolo yezigxobo: Inombolo yezigxobo iyindlela evamile yokuveza inani lamasekhethi ezimele aqukethwe kubhulokhi yetheminali.Lokhu kucaciswa kuvame ukuhluka kusuka ku-unipolar kuye ku-24.
Isikhala: Isikhala sichazwa njengebanga eliphakathi nendawo phakathi kwezigxobo ezincikene, elinqunywa isilinganiso sisonke sebhulokhi yetheminali futhi ehilela izici ezifana nebanga lokuqhekeka, i-voltage/yamanje, kanye nemvume.Ezinye izibonelo ezijwayelekile zesikhala zifaka u-2.54mm, 3.81mm, 5.0mm, njll.
Usayizi wentambo/Uhlobo: ENyakatho Melika, intambo eyamukelekayo kumabhulokhi wetheminali iku-American Wire gauge (AWG), ecacisa usayizi wentambo noma igeji eyamukelekayo kumojuli ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi intambo ingena ngokoqobo endlini.Ngenhlanhla, amabhulokhi amaningi etheminali anokubekezelelana okungamukela uhla losayizi bezintambo ezifana no-18 kuya ku-4 noma 24 kuya ku-12AWG.Ngokungeziwe kugeji yocingo, cabangela uhlobo locingo kuye ngohlobo lwemojuli ekhethiwe.Izintambo ezisontekile noma ezinezingqikithi eziningi zilungele amatheminali anentambo, kuyilapho izintambo eziwumgogodla owodwa zivame ukubhangqwa namabhulokhi angena ngaphakathi.
Ukucaciswa kwemishini ebalulekile

Okulandelayo kuza ukucaciswa komshini, okuhlobene nosayizi webhulokhi yetheminali, umumo, kanye nokuphatha kalula uxhumano edizayini.Izici ezibalulekile zemishini zihlanganisa:

Izikhombisi-ndlela zezintambo: Ezivundlile (90°), mpo (180°) kanye no-45° yizikhombisi-ndlela ezintathu ezivame kakhulu zebhulokhi letheminali.Lokhu kukhetha kuncike ekuhlelweni komklamo nokuthi yisiphi isiqondiso esifaneleka kakhulu futhi esilungele izintambo.
Umfanekiso 1: Ukuma kwebhulokhi yetheminali evamile (Umthombo wesithombe: Amadivayisi e-CUI)

Ukulungiswa kwentambo: Ngokufanayo nomumo, kunezindlela ezintathu ezivamile zokulungisa izintambo kumabhulokhi wetheminali: amatheminali anentambo, izinkinobho zokucindezela, noma ukungena ngaphakathi.Zontathu lezi zigaba zilifanele kahle igama.Itheminali enentambo noma ibhulokhi yetheminali yohlobo lwesikulufu iqukethe isikulufu, lapho, uma siqiniswa, sivala i-clamp ukuze ivikele ikhondakta ku-conductor.Umsebenzi wenkinobho ulula kakhulu, vele ucindezele inkinobho, vula isiqeshana ukuze uvumele ucingo ukuthi lufakwe, khulula inkinobho bese uvala isiqeshana ukuze ubambe ucingo.Kumabhulokhi angena ngaphakathi, intambo ingafakwa ngqo endlini futhi uxhumano lungasungulwa ngaphandle kwesikulufu noma inkinobho yokuvula i-clamp.
Umfanekiso 2: Indlela ejwayelekile yokulungisa izintambo (Umthombo wesithombe: Amadivayisi e-CUI)

Uhlobo lwe-Interlock kanye nohlobo olulodwa: i-terminal block ingaba uhlobo lwe-interlock noma uhlobo olulodwa lwezindlu.Amabhulokhi wetheminali ahlanganayo ngokuvamile atholakala ngezinguqulo ezingu-2 - noma ezingu-3-pole, okuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bafinyelele ngokushesha izinombolo ezihlukene zezigxobo noma baxhume imibala ehlukene yohlobo lwemojuli efanayo ndawonye.Ibhulokhi yetheminali ye-Monomer ngokungangabazeki zonke izigxobo ziqukethwe kumojuli, ngokuya ngezidingo zokuklama, ukuze ibe nokuqina okuphezulu nokuqina.
Umfanekiso 3: Ukuxhumanisa kuqhathaniswa namabhulokhi wetheminali ye-monomer (Umthombo: Amadivayisi e-CUI)

I-Wire-to-shell: I-plug - kumabhulokhi esitheminali kuyisinqumo esihle sokuxhuma njalo nokunqanyulwa koxhumano oluyinhloko.Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka intambo kupulaki ye-modular bese uxhuma ipulaki kusokhethi engashintshi ku-PCB, okwenza kube lula ukunqanyulwa ngaphandle kokubhekana nezintambo ezingazodwana.
Umfanekiso 4: Uxhumano lwepulaki nesokhethi lwebhulokhi yesiphetho sepulaki nepulaki (Umthombo wesithombe: Amadivayisi e-CUI)

Amazinga okuphepha nokunye okucatshangelwayo

I-UL ne-IEC yizindikimba eziyinhloko zokuphepha zokuqinisekisa amabhulokhi wetheminali.Izindinganiso zokuphepha ze-UL kanye/noma ze-IEC zivame ukufakwa ohlwini ezincazelweni zebhulokhi yetheminali, futhi amanani epharamitha avame ukuhluka.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indlela ngayinye isebenzisa amazinga okuhlola ahlukene, ngakho onjiniyela kufanele baqonde izidingo zokuphepha zesistimu yabo iyonke ukuze bakhethe amabhulokhi wetheminali afanelekile.

Nakuba ezinye izici zingase zibe umcabango wakamuva emiklamo eminingi, kuyakhokha ukufaka umbala ngendlela oyifisayo izindlu noma izinkinobho zebhulokhi yetheminali.Ngokukhetha imibala eyingqayizivele yamabhulokhi wetheminali, onjiniyela bangaxhuma kalula amaphuzu kumasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokuwaxhuma kabi.

Okokugcina, ezindaweni noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibhekene namazinga okushisa aphezulu, amabhulokhi wetheminali anamabanga aphezulu okushisa nawo angakhethwa.