Izindaba

Leli phepha lichaza ngokuyinhloko ukwakheka komugqa ongaphezulu, ukukhethwa kwezidingo zengxenye ngayinye, indawo egijima umugqa kanye nokubala komugqa nenhlanganisela yezimo zezulu, izinqubo zokuklama umugqa ongaphezulu.Qonda imingcele eyinhloko yezakhiwo zemishini nezomzimba zocingo;Kahle kahle umthelela wemishini wezimo zezulu kumakhondaktha kanye nokwakheka kwezimo zezulu ezihlangene, futhi uqonde ukugeleza okuyisisekelo komklamo wesekethe.

Ukuhlukaniswa nokwakheka kwemigqa yokudlulisa phezulu
1. Ukuhlelwa kwezintambo zokudlulisela
Intambo kagesi iyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwamandla, olubhekele ukudluliswa nokusabalalisa amandla kagesi.Imigqa ehambisa amandla kagesi isuka emthonjeni iye esikhungweni sokulayisha ugesi ibizwa ngokuthi imigqa yokudlulisa.Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwamandla kagesi ohlelweni lokudlulisa, imigqa yokudlulisela isebenzisa amazinga kagesi ahlukene ngokuya ngebanga lokudlulisela kanye namandla okudlulisela.Njengamanje, amazinga kagesi ahlukene asetshenziswa eShayina angu-35, 60, 110, 220, 330, 500kV, njll. E-China, ulayini ongu-35 ~ 220kV ubizwa ngokuthi ulayini wokudlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu, kanti ulayini ongu-330 ~ 500kV ubizwa ngokuthi. i-ultra high voltage transmission line.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulayini obhekene nomsebenzi wokusabalalisa ugesi ubizwa ngokuthi umugqa wokusabalalisa.Amazinga kagesi emigqa yokusabalalisa yaseShayina yilawa: 380V/220V, 6KV, 10KV, okusho imigqa engaphansi kuka-1kV njengemigqa yokusabalalisa yamandla aphansi, imigqa engu-1 ~ 10KV njengemigqa yokusabalalisa yamandla aphezulu.
Izintambo zokudlulisa zingahlukaniswa zibe izintambo zekhebula kanye nemigqa ephezulu ngokuya ngesakhiwo sabo.Uma kuqhathaniswa nomugqa wekhebula, umugqa ongaphezulu unezinzuzo eziningi ezisobala, njengesakhiwo esilula, isikhathi sokwakha esifushane, izindleko zokwakha eziphansi, ukugcinwa okulula, ukusebenza okuhle kokukhipha ukushisa, umthamo omkhulu wokudlulisa nokunye.Leli phepha lethula kuphela ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwezintambo zokudlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu.
2. Ukwakheka kwezintambo zokudlulisa ezihamba phezulu
Izintambo zokudlulisa ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izimboni zamandla kagesi zesifunda neziteshi ezingaphansi ohlangothini lokwamukela.Ukuze ugcine ibanga elithile phakathi kwezintambo ezibukhoma zolayini wokudluliswa kwamandla kanye nomhlabathi, sebenzisa izigxobo nemibhoshongo ukuze usekele izintambo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1-1.Ibanga elivundlile phakathi kwemigqa emaphakathi yemibhoshongo encikene libizwa ngebanga legiya.Isigaba esicindezelayo sakhiwa ibanga elithile phakathi kwemibhoshongo eyisisekelo emibili encikene.Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso #5 ~ #9, isigaba sokucindezela sakhiwe amabanga amane.Uma kunebanga elilodwa kuphela esigabeni sokudonsa kanzima, libizwa ngokuthi lilodwa, njengoba kukhonjisiwe emfanekisweni ophakathi kombhoshongo #9 nombhoshongo #10.Ulayini wokudlulisela uhlezi uhlanganisa amasegimenti amaningi acindezelayo, okuhlanganisa amasegimenti ahlukanisiwe.

Amanye amagama ahlobene nemigqa ephezulu
Okokuqala nje, amanye amagama ayisisekelo ahlobene nesakhiwo somugqa ophezulu achazwa kanje:
(1) Ibanga legiya - Ibanga elivundlile phakathi kwamaphoyinti okulengiswa ezintambo emibhoshongweni emibili eseduze libizwa ngebanga legiya, elivame ukuvezwa ngalo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1-2.
(2) i-sag (ukuphumula) - ibanga phakathi kwanoma iyiphi iphoyinti yocingo nendawo yokumiswa endaweni eqondile ibizwa ngokuthi i-sag, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuphumula.
Ngokuvamile, i-sag ibhekisela ekuncipheni okukhulu egiyeni elilodwa ngaphandle kwalapho kuchazwe ngenye indlela, futhi ngokuvamile kuboniswa ngohlamvu F, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1-2.Lapho iphoyinti lokumisa ucingo lilingana (ukuphakama kuyalingana), i-sag ephezulu ebangeni legiya phakathi nendawo;Lapho iphoyinti lokumiswa kocingo lingalingani ngobude (ukuphakama akulingani), i-sag enkulu egiyeni icishe ibe maphakathi nebanga legiya.

(3) Umkhawulo - Ibanga elincane elivumelekile phakathi kocingo nomhlabathi libizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo, njengoba kuboniswe ngu-H kuMfanekiso 1-2.Inani lebanga elikhawulelayo licaciswe ngokuningiliziwe emithethweni yezobuchwepheshe yokuklanywa kwemigqa yokudlulisa ephezulu kanye neMithethonqubo Yezobuchwepheshe yokuklama izintambo zokusabalalisa ngaphezulu ezikhishwe nguMnyango Wezamandla Kagesi wezwe lethu.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zolayini wokudlulisa phezulu umqhubi, umqhubi wombani, isivikelo, umbhoshongo, ikhebula kanye nesisekelo.

Izingxenye zemigqa yokudlulisela phezulu

Sinikeza incazelo emfushane yemisebenzi eyisisekelo nezinhlobo zezingxenye zamasekhethi aphezulu.

1, umqhubi

Izintambo zisetshenziselwa ukuthwala amandla kagesi kanye namandla kagesi.Ngokuvamile, izintambo zokudlulisela zisebenzisa i-conductor eyodwa esigabeni ngasinye, kodwa ku-ultra high voltage kanye nemigqa yokudlulisa umthamo omkhulu, ukuze kuncishiswe i-corona ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwamandla nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komsakazo kanye ne-TV, ama-conductor ahlukanisa isigaba asetshenziswa kakhulu, okungukuthi, amabili. , izintambo ezintathu, ezine noma ngaphezulu (ezivamise ukumiswa kwendandatho) zisetshenziswa.

2. Umbani umqhubi kanye nomzimba ophansi

I-conductor yombani ilengiswe phezulu kombhoshongo wesigxobo, futhi ixhunywe nomzimba ophansi ngocingo oluphansi kumbhoshongo wesigxobo ngasinye.Lapho ukukhishwa kwefu lombani kushaya ulayini wombani, umqhubi wombani utholakala ngaphezu kwe-conductor, futhi umzimba wamanje wombani ongaphezu komhlaba ukhishelwa emhlabeni.Ngale ndlela, amathuba okushaya kombani umqhubi ancishisiwe, ukugxilwa komugqa kuvikelwe emonakalweni wombani wombani, futhi ukuvikelwa kombani kunikezwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile komugqa.Ulayini webanga lamandla kagesi ongaphezu kuka-110kV kuphela ovame ukumiswa, impahla yawo imvamisa iwuchungechunge lwensimbi.

3, umbhoshongo

I-pole tower isetshenziselwa ukusekela umqhubi kanye nomqhubi wombani kanye nezinsiza zayo, nokugcina ibanga elithile eliphephile phakathi komqhubi, umqhubi wombani nombhoshongo, kanye naphakathi komqhubi nomhlabathi kanye nezinto eziwela noma ezinye izakhiwo. .

4. Ama-insulators kanye nezintambo zokufakelwa

Ama-insulators yizici eziyinhloko zokufakwa kwe-line, ezisetshenziselwa ukusekela noma ukumisa ucingo ukuze lufake umbhoshongo futhi luqinisekise ukuthi umugqa unamandla okubamba ugesi athembekile.Ngoba ayigcini nje ngaphansi kwamandla emishini kanye nesenzo se-voltage, kodwa futhi ukumelana nokuguguleka kwamagesi ayingozi emkhathini.

Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi ube namandla anele emishini, izinga lokuhlukanisa kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

5, hardware

Ukufakwa kolayini wokudlulisela kudlala indima yokusekela, ukulungisa nokuxhuma izintambo zokuvikela kanye nezintambo zokuvikela umbani emigqeni yokudlulisela phambili phezulu.Futhi ingenza i-wiring iqine.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokufakwa kwegolide, ezingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezinhlanu: i-wire clamp, ukuxhuma, ukuvikela nokudweba ngocingo ngokuya ngezakhiwo nokusetshenziswa kwazo.

Isisekelo sombhoshongo we-Pole sigxilwe phansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umbhoshongo wezigxobo awutsheki, ungawi, awuncibiliki kanye nezinye izinsiza.Uma induku kakhonkolo eqinisiwe ingcwatshwa ngqo emhlabathini, ngoba indawo yesiphambano yesigxobo incane, isigxobo sizocwila emhlabathini ojwayelekile.Ngalesi sikhathi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucwila kwesigxobo, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwesigxobo se-pole indawo enkulu yepuleti likakhonkolo eliqinisiwe - i-chassis, i-chassis iwukuvimbela isisekelo sokucwiliswa kwesigxobo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umsebenzi wekhebula ukuthuthukisa amandla ombhoshongo, ukuthwala umthwalo wangaphandle kumandla ombhoshongo, ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zombhoshongo;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nenduku yocingo kanye nethreyi yocingo, ukulungisa umbhoshongo phansi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umbhoshongo awutsheki, ugoqe.Isisekelo sombhoshongo ngokuya ngendawo ehlukene, i-geology kanye nezimo zokwakha, uhlobo olusetshenzisiwe luhlukile.